A comprehensive BCA course covering all key units of Theory of Computation Notes,
from formal languages and automata theory to Turing machines, grammars, and computational complexity.
Explore the units below for detailed content. Want’s to explore more subjects – Study Hub Zone
Course Units
Unit 1: Introduction to Theory of Computation
Unit 2: Minimization and Pumping Lemma
Unit 3: Context-Free Grammars (CFGs)
Unit 4: Pushdown Automata (PDA)
Unit 5: Turing Machines and Computability
Syllabus: Theory of Computation Notes
UNIT – 1
(a) Introduction to Theory of Computation –
i) Formal languages and automata – overview
ii) Alphabets, strings, and languages
iii) Finite Automata – DFA and NFA
iv) Transition diagrams and tables
v) Equivalence of DFA and NFA
(b) Regular Expressions and Languages –
Regular expressions – operators, precedence
Equivalence of FA and regular expressions
Arden’s Theorem
Applications of regular expressions
UNIT – 2
Minimization and Pumping Lemma:
Minimization of finite automata
Myhill-Nerode Theorem
Pumping Lemma for regular languages
Limitations of regular languages
UNIT – 3
Context-Free Grammars (CFGs):
Definition, variables, terminals, productions
Derivations – leftmost and rightmost
Parse trees and ambiguity
Simplification of CFGs – removing null, unit, and useless productions
UNIT – 4
Pushdown Automata (PDA):
Definition and types – deterministic and non-deterministic
Transition functions and diagrams
Designing PDA for simple languages
PDA and context-free languages
Equivalence of PDA and CFG
UNIT – 5
Turing Machines and Computability:
Turing Machine – definition, representation
Designing Turing Machines for simple tasks
Church-Turing thesis
Undecidability – Halting Problem
Recursive and recursively enumerable languages