Welcome to the final unit of your Principles of Management course for BBA 1st Semester – Unit 5: Controlling and Coordination. This unit focuses on two critical areas of management: ensuring performance stays on track, and aligning team efforts across the organization.
Our simplified, student-friendly PDF notes are designed to help you prepare efficiently for your exams while building real-world managerial understanding.
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📄 Download Unit 5 – Controlling & Coordination Notes (PDF)
These notes are ideal for last-minute revision, assignments, and understanding core management concepts.
What is Controlling in Management?
Controlling is the process of monitoring performance, comparing it with planned goals, and taking corrective actions if needed. It ensures that the organization’s activities are aligned with its objectives.
In this section, you’ll learn:
Definition of controlling
Importance: Helps in achieving targets, improving efficiency, and minimizing errors
Real-world examples of control in business operations
Steps in the Controlling Process
The controlling process includes the following key steps:
Setting performance standards
Measuring actual performance
Comparing actual with standards
Analyzing deviations
Taking corrective actions
Each step ensures that business processes stay aligned with objectives.
Techniques of Control – Budgetary and Non-Budgetary
Managers use several techniques to monitor and guide performance. These include:
1. Budgetary Control
Involves planning income and expenses
Helps track financial performance through budgets
Common tools: sales budget, production budget, cash budget
2. Non-Budgetary Control
Includes quality control, statistical reports, performance appraisals, and audits
Useful in areas that are not financially measurable
Understanding both types prepares you to apply control techniques in real-world business environments.
Essentials of an Effective Control System
A good control system must:
Be goal-oriented and forward-looking
Provide accurate and timely information
Be flexible, yet cost-effective
Encourage corrective action without creating fear
This section helps you analyze whether a control mechanism is efficient and effective.
Coordination – Concept, Importance & Techniques
Coordination is the process of integrating activities and efforts of different departments to achieve common goals and help each others.
You’ll learn:
What is coordination in management?
Why it’s important: Prevents duplication, conflict, and confusion
Techniques: Effective communication, team meetings, leadership, goal alignment
Coordination ensures that everyone works together — a must for organizational success.
Recent Trends in Management
The world of management is always evolving. This section introduces modern tools and practices that organizations use today:
TQM (Total Quality Management) – A continuous improvement approach to ensure quality in every process
Six Sigma – A data-driven method for reducing defects and improving processes
MIS (Management Information System) – Using technology to manage data and make informed decisions
CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) – A company’s commitment to ethical practices and giving back to society
Understanding these trends prepares you for future management challenges in the digital and global economy.
Final Thoughts
Unit 5 wraps up your Principles of Management course by teaching you how to evaluate performance, maintain control, ensure team coordination, and stay updated with modern management techniques like TQM and CSR.
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